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Syria: Between the Pains of the Past and the Challenges of the Future

Syria today lives in a difficult phase filled with challenges and pains, as well as a pivotal moment in its history after more than five decades of the oppressive Baath regime under the leadership of the dictator Hafez al-Assad and then his son Bashar al-Assad, who was no less criminal than his father but rather more bloody and terrorizing. Despite the fall of the Assad regime, Syrians have not yet awakened from the bitter nightmare they endured throughout those years. Between the violations of rights and freedoms, sectarian strife, and ethnic exclusion, and the bloody conflicts that the country witnessed, which resulted in hundreds of thousands of victims, the nightmare continues to affect the future of Syria due to the serious repercussions it has left behind. Although part of this nightmare has ended with the resounding fall of the regime, the remnants of the crimes committed by the regime will remain present in the collective memory of the Syrian people, exacerbated by what we and the whole world witness through television screens and social media about the suffering of political prisoners in the regime's prisons, led by Saydnaya prison. This prison alone is sufficient to prove to the world and to humanity the terror the Syrian people lived in during that time.
Since the Baath Party took power in 1963 and the Assad family in 1970, the Baathist Assad regime established a terrifying repressive machine targeting all segments of Syrian society, including various minorities and sects of Arabs, Kurds, Druze, Christians, and even members of its own Alawite community. However, the Kurds were the most affected group by Baath policies, which targeted them specifically through several means, the most notable being the Arab Belt policy, which led to the expulsion of tens of thousands of Kurdish families from their lands and the resettlement of people brought in from Raqqa. These policies were not limited to forced eviction alone, but also extended to depriving them of the right to citizenship in their own country through a census decision that stripped tens of thousands of Kurds of their Syrian nationality, making them strangers in their own land and forcing them to live as refugees within their homeland. This situation deprived them of their right to education, movement, travel, and even their basic rights to enjoy their Syrian nationality.
From the moment the Baathist Assad regime imposed its policy of exclusion on the Kurds, the goal was to eliminate their cultural and political identity through systematic oppression and denial of education in their mother tongue. However, these policies did not apply only to the Kurds; the Sunni community also suffered, where the events in Hama in 1982 represented the regime's ugly face by destroying the city, resulting in more than 40,000 martyrs at that time. The Syrian regime under the Assad family did not discriminate between sects; instead, it sought to create an environment of hatred and racism among the various segments of Syrian society, practicing intimidation tactics such as arrests, persecution, psychological warfare, and silencing voices, turning Syria into a terrifying and frightening prison.
Therefore, the main reason for the Syrian regime's meticulous implementation of the "divide and conquer" policy was to maintain its grip on power. This policy was not limited to ethnic and religious exclusion and marginalization but also involved exacerbating sectarian conflicts among the various social, ethnic, and sectarian components in Syria. Thus, the regime fostered a climate of hatred between Arabs and Kurds, facilitating its rule for more than fifty years.
One of the most prominent manifestations of this policy was the events that took place in Qamishli in 2004, where clashes erupted between the fan bases of Al-Fotuwa from Deir ez-Zor and Al-Jihad from Qamishli during a football match. These events marked the spark of a Kurdish uprising against the regime. Despite the significant sacrifices of dozens of martyrs among the Kurds and the arrest of thousands, the uprising could not achieve its goals due to the regime's policies that encouraged the increase of hate speech between Kurds and Arabs, leading to a weakening of the spirit of national solidarity among all components of Syrian society.
In 2011, the Syrian revolution erupted as a response to all these brutal and inhumane practices against the Syrians, who had reached their breaking point. Although the revolution started with demands to overthrow the regime from all segments of the Syrian people, the regime's tactics of dividing the community and creating an environment of suspicion and fear among different groups were decisive in leading the revolution to face its tragic fate of destruction, devastation, displacement, and the continuation of the Syrian crisis all these years. Instead of being the beginning of national unity among Syrians from all sects and ethnicities, the revolution marked the onset of a dark tunnel that resulted in hundreds of thousands of martyrs and displaced people, along with millions being internally displaced within Syria and outside of it. There is no doubt that the regime's
By: Azeddine Mela
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BENEFIT AGM approves 10%...
- March 27, 2025
BENEFIT, the Kingdom’s innovator and leading company in Fintech and electronic financial transactions service, held its Annual General Meeting (AGM) at the company’s headquarters in the Seef District.
During the meeting, shareholders approved all items listed on the agenda, including the ratification of the minutes of the previous AGM held on 26 March 2024. The session reviewed and approved the Board’s Annual Report on the company’s activities and financial performance for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2024, and the shareholders expressed their satisfaction with the company’s operational and financial results during the reporting period.
The meeting also reviewed the Independent External Auditor’s Report on the company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024. Subsequently, the shareholders approved the audited financial statements for the fiscal year. Based on the Board’s recommendation, the shareholders approved the distribution of a cash dividend equivalent to 10% of the paid-up share capital.
Furthermore, the shareholders endorsed the allocation of a total amount of BD 172,500 as remuneration to the members of the Board for the year ended 31 December 2024, subject to prior clearance by related authorities.
The extension of the current composition of the Board was approved, which includes ten members and one CBB observer, for a further six-month term, expiring in September 2025, pending no objection from the CBB.
The meeting reviewed and approved the Corporate Governance Report for 2024, which affirmed the company’s full compliance with the corporate governance directives issued by the CBB and other applicable regulatory frameworks. The AGM absolved the Board Members of liability for any of their actions during the year ending on 31st December 2024, in accordance with the Commercial Companies Law.
In alignment with regulatory requirements, the session approved the reappointment of Ernst & Young (EY) as the company’s External Auditors for the fiscal year 2025, covering both the parent company and its subsidiaries—Sinnad and Bahrain FinTech Bay. The Board was authorised to determine the external auditors’ professional fees, subject to approval from the CBB, and the meeting concluded with a discussion of any additional issues as per Article (207) of the Commercial Companies Law.
Speaking on the company’s performance, Mr. Mohamed Al Bastaki, Chairman BENEFIT , stated: “In terms of the financial results for 2024, I am pleased to say that the year gone by has also been proved to be a success in delivering tangible results. Growth rate for 2024 was 19 per cent. Revenue for the year was BD 17 M (US$ 45.3 Million) and net profit was 2 Million ($ 5.3 Million).
Mr. Al Bastaki also announced that the Board had formally adopted a new three-year strategic roadmap to commence in 2025. The strategy encompasses a phased international expansion, optimisation of internal operations, enhanced revenue diversification, long-term sustainability initiatives, and the advancement of innovation and digital transformation initiatives across all service lines.
“I extend my sincere appreciation to the CBB for its continued support of BENEFIT and its pivotal role in fostering a stable and progressive regulatory environment for the Kingdom’s banking and financial sector—an environment that has significantly reinforced Bahrain’s standing as a leading financial hub in the region,” said Mr. Al Bastaki. “I would also like to thank our partner banks and valued customers for their trust, and our shareholders for their ongoing encouragement. The achievements of 2024 set a strong precedent, and I am confident they will serve as a foundation for yet another successful and impactful year ahead.”
Chief Executive of BENEFIT; Mr. Abdulwahed AlJanahi commented, “The year 2024 represented another pivotal chapter in BENEFIT ’s evolution. We achieved substantial progress in advancing our digital strategy across multiple sectors, while reinforcing our long-term commitment to the development of Bahrain’s financial services and payments landscape. Throughout the year, we remained firmly aligned with our objective of delivering measurable value to our shareholders, strategic partners, and customers. At the same time, we continued to play an active role in enabling Bahrain’s digital economy by introducing innovative solutions and service enhancements that directly address market needs and future opportunities.”
Mr. AlJanahi affirmed that BENEFIT has successfully developed a robust and well-integrated payment network that connects individuals and businesses across Bahrain, accelerating the adoption of emerging technologies in the banking and financial services sector and reinforcing Bahrain’s position as a growing fintech hub, and added, “Our achievements of the past year reflect a long-term vision to establish a resilient electronic payment infrastructure that supports the Kingdom’s digital economy. Key developments in 2024 included the implementation of central authentication for open banking via BENEFIT Pay”
Mr. AlJanahi concluded by thanking the Board for its strategic direction, the company’s staff for their continued dedication, and the Central Bank of Bahrain, member banks, and shareholders for their valuable partnership and confidence in the company’s long-term vision.
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